The grafting propagation of pear trees is various, mainly including split grafting, T-shaped budding, skin grafting and bud grafting.
It was mainly carried out in spring before germination. When grafting, first cut the stock at the grafting site, then cut a vertical split in the middle after cutting the damaged surface. When cutting the scion, select a section with 2-4 left and right buds. Cut a 3-4cm long cutting surface on both sides of the lower part. Cut from a place about 1cm away from the lower bud to avoid damage to the lower bud. The cutting surface should be slightly thick on the outside and slightly thin on the inside. After cutting, the outer side is thick, and the thin side is inward. Insert the scion into the cutting of the stock. The formation layer of the scion and the stock must be aligned. At the same time, pay attention not to insert all the cutting surfaces, and keep about half a centimeter, which is conducive to the healing of the wound. According to the thickness of rootstock, 1-2 scions can be inserted. Finally, wrap the joint with plastic strip to reduce the evaporation of water.
The "d" budding method is usually carried out in autumn. The grafting process is as follows: first, select the smooth, scarless and windward part of the rootstock about 5cm above the ground, cut a "t" shaped incision, and then cut the grafting buds on the scion. When cutting the bud, cut it into the xylem from the lower part of the bud about 1.5cm with a knife, with a longitudinal cutting length of about 2.5cm, and then cut it horizontally from the upper part of the bud about 1cm, then hold the bud with your hand and break off the bud pieces. When inserting buds, first open the "t" shaped interface with the handle of the budding knife, insert the bud piece gently from top to bottom, make the upper part of the bud piece align with the "t" shaped incision, and finally bind the plastic strip with a width of about 0.5-1cm from bottom to top.
Generally, cutting and cutting are carried out from May to June. The young shoots of 5-10-year-old pear trees were selected as cuttings, and then cut into cuttings about 10-15 cm long. Before cutting, they need to be soaked in 100 ppm abt root powder solution, with a depth of about 2 cm and a soaking time of about 1-2 hours, which is conducive to their rooting. The preparation for cuttage bed is as follows: a small arch shed can be set under the shade of trees and covered with plastic film. After inserting, keep the temperature in the inserting bed no more than 30 ℃, and the humidity should be more than 90%.
