In autumn, we should increase the illumination time of flowers. In summer, flowers placed in the shade, such as palm bamboo, Brazilian iron, Rubber fig, Swiss cheese plant, bamboo, etc., should be moved to a sunny place sooner or later in autumn. At the same time, apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the flowers, which can not only make the flowers grow strong and luxuriant, but also improve the cold resistance of the flowers in winter.
In autumn, the climate is cool, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and the water evaporation of basin soil is slow. The number and frequency of daily watering should be determined according to the climate characteristics and growth habits of potted flowers. It is better to keep the basin soil dry.
With the gradual decrease of temperature, in addition to the Autumn Sown Grass and flowers blooming in autumn and winter or early spring, such as crabmelon, camellia, Rhododendron, cyclamen, etc., continue to be watered normally, for other flowers, the number of watering should be reduced, so that the pot soil is not dried and watered, so as to avoid excessive water and fertilizer, root rot, yellow leaves fall off, or branches and leaves grow in vain, affecting flower bud differentiation and overwintering.
In autumn, there are many tender buds in potted flowers, which can not be allowed to develop. Cut off the weak branches properly to avoid wasting nutrients. The remaining branches should be treated with bud cutting. For the potted flowers with buds in summer and autumn, such as plum blossom, wintersweet, Rhododendron and so on, to protect the formed flower branches, it is not suitable to cut them again, and the pruning can be carried out to remove the heart.
most of the flowers can be pruned and shaped in autumn, and the diseased branches, dead branches, over dense branches, avoidable branches, and extra long branches can be cut, and then they can be coiled and shaped, laying a good foundation for the growth of potted flowers in winter and the next year.
Autumn is a good time for potted flowers to turn basin and change soil. If the basin is small and the root system of flowers and trees grows densely on the basin wall, the basin can be turned over once to replace the soil or the large basin to facilitate the growth.
Autumn is the season when herbaceous flower seeds are mature, so it is necessary to collect and store them in time. The mother plants with strong growth, good color and shape should be selected for seed collection. They must be dried and wrapped for storage, and placed in a ventilated, dry and low temperature (0 ℃ - 4 ℃) environment for use in the next year. Timely sowing goldfish grass, big rock Tung, tulip, etc., especially Begonia, Nanking cherry grass, gerbera, etc., which are easy to lose germination power, should be timely sown in autumn.
The best time for spring flowers such as guayeju and hollyhock is from September to the first ten days of October. After planting, pay attention to spray water and keep moist. After emergence, seedlings should be in time. The cutting, branching, layering and grafting of rose, jasmine, peony, peony, Aglaia odorata, honeysuckle, Magnolia and cinnamon are also better in September and October. &Nbsp;
Canna, dahlia, etc. can be cut off the aboveground stems and leaves before frost, dug out the roots and stems, and removed the old soil. They can be stored in the basin after 1-2 days of sun exposure. When the basin soil is too dry, a small amount of water can be used, but not too wet, so as to avoid premature germination, resulting in thin and weak spring seedlings.
Autumn is a good time to control the diseases and insect pests of flowers and trees. Before potted flowers enter the room, in order to prevent overwintering diseases and insect sources, they can be sprayed with drugs for prevention. If diseases and insect pests have been found, targeted and thorough treatment shall be carried out to prevent them from harming flowers and trees.
The time when potted flowers enter the room should be different according to different flowers. Aglaia odorata, jasmine, bamboo and other warm flowers can enter the room early; kumquat, plum and other flowers that are slightly or more cold resistant can enter the room late. In addition to the cold resistant flowers such as pine, cypress, holly, etc., which live in the open air, and the red leaves, yellow mango and other flowers which appreciate the leaves after frost, most of the flowers are better to enter the house before frost.
after autumn, the weather gradually turns cool. For some foliage flowers, such as Wenzhu, Chlorophytum, cycads, etc., thin liquid fertilizer is generally applied every half a month to keep the leaves green and improve the ability to resist cold; for chrysanthemum, camellia, azalea, etc., which bloom once a year, liquid fertilizer based on phosphorus fertilizer should be applied in time to ensure sufficient nutrients to make them bloom more and more; for one-year flowering, liquid fertilizer based on phosphorus fertilizer should be applied. For many times of rose, Aglaia odorata, jasmine, etc., sufficient water should be provided to keep them blooming; for some ornamental fruit flowers, such as kumquat, bergamot, pomegranate, etc., a thin liquid fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus fertilizer should be applied for 1-2 times.
In autumn, flower fertilization should be combined with watering. According to the principle of "thin fertilizer should be applied frequently", thin fertilizer should be applied every half a month. It is divided into base fertilizer, top dressing and foliar fertilization. The base fertilizer is added with the soil during basin loading or basin changing. Topdressing is generally liquid fertilizer, such as bean cake water, etc. Foliar fertilizer generally uses quick acting fertilizer with concentration of 0.1% ~ 0.2%, such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, etc.
Potted flower fertilization should achieve "eat less and eat more", that is, more times of fertilization, less amount of fertilization each time. Generally, the fertilizer is applied once every 7-10 days, and once every 15-20 days after the beginning of autumn. With the growth of flowers and trees, the fertilization concentration gradually increased, for example, the urea application concentration gradually increased from 0.2% in the early stage to 1.0%; the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer increased from 1.0% to 3.0-4.0%.
In spring and summer, flowers grow fast and vigorous, and can be fertilized properly. After autumn, the temperature gradually decreased and the growth of flowers weakened, so less fertilizer should be applied. From late August to early September, fertilization should be stopped to prevent the second growth peak, otherwise it is easy to make flower tissue cells delicate and lead to overwintering difficulties. In winter, fertilization should be stopped when flowers are dormant.
for potted flowers that bloom in autumn, such as dahlia, chrysanthemum, orange, cyclamen and Clivia that bloom in winter, more nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied to promote their flowers to flourish. The conifers, cypresses, iron trees, palm bamboo, Chlorophytum and Wenzhu, which are mainly used for observing leaves, should be fertilized 1-2 times, so as to not only keep the leaves green, but also increase the cold resistance ability after winter. Generally speaking, before frost, the flowers that need to spend winter in the open air should stop topdressing to avoid frost damage.
Potted flowers should not be fertilized before and after noon or rainy days in high temperature. At this time, fertilization is easy to damage the root, and it is best to fertilize in the evening. After autumn and winter, when the temperature is low and the growth of flowers is slow, generally no fertilizer is applied; when the temperature is high in summer and flowers grow vigorously, more fertilizer should be applied; when the temperature is high, the concentration of topdressing should be low and the amount of topdressing should be small, and more times of topdressing should be done with thin fertilizer water.
If there are diseases and insect pests during fertilization, appropriate amount of chemicals can be added to the fertilizer solution, which can play a dual role of fertilization and pest control.
