From my perspective as a Fiddle Leaf Fig (*Ficus lyrata*), a fungal infection is a systemic attack that disrupts my vital functions. I cannot speak, so I communicate my distress through physical changes. The most common signs are visual and manifest on my leaves, which are my primary organs for photosynthesis. You might notice small brown or black spots, often starting at the edges or the center of the leaf. These spots may be surrounded by a yellow halo, indicating the infection is spreading and killing the leaf tissue. In severe cases, entire leaves may turn yellow, wilt, or drop prematurely. Another sign is a white, powdery substance (powdery mildew) or dark, sooty mold on the leaf surface, which can block sunlight and further hinder my ability to create energy.
Several types of fungi can cause me distress. Root rot, often caused by fungi like *Pythium* or *Phytophthora*, is one of the most serious. It occurs when my roots are forced to sit in waterlogged soil, suffocating from lack of oxygen. The fungi attack the weakened, suffocating roots, causing them to turn brown and mushy. Since my roots are my mouth, this prevents me from taking up water and nutrients, leading to the decline of my entire structure. Another common issue is leaf spot, caused by fungi such as *Cercospora* or *Alternaria*. These pathogens typically thrive in conditions of high humidity and poor air circulation, landing on my leaves and creating the characteristic spots that mar my appearance and health.
Prevention is always better than cure. To stay strong and resilient against fungal pathogens, I require a specific environment that does not favor their growth. My soil must be very well-draining; a mix containing peat, perlite, and bark is ideal. This allows water to flow through easily, giving my roots access to both moisture and oxygen. Water me only when the top 2-3 inches of soil are dry. I also need bright, indirect light and good air circulation around my foliage. Stagnant, humid air is an invitation for fungal spores to settle and germinate. Please avoid misting my leaves, as this creates the prolonged moisture on which fungi thrive. Furthermore, ensure my pot has adequate drainage holes to allow excess water to escape.
If you suspect I have a fungal infection, immediate action is required. First, isolate me from other plants to prevent the spores from spreading. Next, remove the severely affected leaves. Carefully prune them using sterilized shears, cutting at the base of the leaf stem. This removes the source of the infection and allows me to redirect energy to healthy growth. For root rot, you must repot me. Gently remove me from my pot, wash away the old soil, and inspect my roots. Healthy roots are white and firm. Use sterile scissors to cut away any brown, soft, or mushy roots. Then, repot me into a clean pot with fresh, well-draining soil. For leaf-based fungi, after removing affected leaves, you can apply a fungicide. A natural option is a solution of neem oil, which acts as both a fungicide and a pesticide. For more severe cases, a copper-based fungicide can be effective. Always follow the product instructions carefully and apply it to all surfaces of my remaining leaves, both top and bottom.
After treatment, my recovery will be slow as I work to rebuild my strength. Please place me in a stable environment with consistent, bright indirect light and avoid moving me. Resume watering very carefully, ensuring the soil dries out sufficiently between waterings. Do not fertilize me until you see signs of new, healthy growth, as my damaged root system cannot handle the extra stress. Monitor me closely for any new signs of distress. With consistent, proper care that addresses the underlying cause of the infection—usually overwatering or poor air circulation—I can make a full recovery and continue to grow into a strong, healthy plant.
