From our perspective, consistent and moderate temperatures are paramount for our metabolic processes to function optimally. We thrive in a range between 15°C and 25°C (59°F to 77°F). This band allows for efficient photosynthesis during the day and proper respiration at night. During our active growth period in spring and summer, warmth towards the upper end of this range encourages robust leaf development. However, we absolutely require a significant seasonal temperature shift to initiate the most crucial phase of our annual cycle: flower spike formation.
To transition from vegetative growth to reproductive flowering, we depend on a period of cool rest. For approximately 6-8 weeks in the autumn and early winter, we need nighttime temperatures to drop consistently to between 10°C and 15°C (50°F to 59°F), with daytime temperatures not exceeding 20°C (68°F). This prolonged chill is the primary environmental cue that tells our internal systems to stop producing leaves and start developing a flower scape. Without this mandatory cool period, our energy remains directed towards foliage, and you will be disappointed by a complete lack of blooms the following season.
We are highly susceptible to temperature stress. Prolonged exposure to heat above 30°C (86°F) causes our stomata to close to conserve water, which simultaneously halts photosynthesis, stunting our growth and scorching our leaf tips. Conversely, temperatures dipping below 5°C (41°F) can cause severe chilling injury, leading to black, mushy roots and collapsed, drooping leaves. Drafts from heating vents, air conditioners, or leaky windows are also detrimental, causing uneven growth and stress that makes us vulnerable to pests and diseases.
Our relationship with humidity is one of balance. We originate from forest floors, so we appreciate a moderate to high humidity level, ideally between 50% and 70%. In such conditions, our stomata can remain open for efficient gas exchange without risking excessive water loss. Low humidity, common in heated homes during winter, causes our leaf tips to turn brown and crispy as we lose moisture faster than our roots can absorb it. However, stagnant, excessively high humidity paired with poor air circulation is an open invitation for fungal pathogens like powdery mildew and rot to attack our crown and foliage.
You can help us immensely by considering our microclimate. An east-facing window provides the ideal bright, indirect light without the harsh heat of afternoon sun. Placing our pot on a pebble tray filled with water (ensuring the pot base is not sitting in water) creates a localized boost in humidity through evaporation. Grouping us with other plants also creates a beneficial microclimate of shared transpiration. Most importantly, keep us away from the direct blast of radiators, fireplaces, and air conditioning units, as these create the rapid fluctuations in temperature and humidity that we find so disruptive to our well-being.
