Daisies and chamomile belong to the same family, Asteraceae, but they are different genera and species. Common daisies, such as the Bellis perennis (English daisy), are perennial plants with a rosette of spoon-shaped leaves and white petals surrounding a yellow center. Chamomile, on the other hand, includes species like Matricaria chamomilla (German chamomile) and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile). These are aromatic herbs known for their small, daisy-like flowers with white petals and conical yellow centers.
Daisies typically have larger flower heads (1-2 inches in diameter) with broader, overlapping white petals and a flat or slightly raised yellow disk. Their leaves are spoon-shaped and form a basal rosette. Chamomile flowers are smaller (about 0.5-1 inch in diameter) with fewer, slender white petals and a more pronounced conical yellow center. The leaves of chamomile are feathery and finely divided, giving them a lacy appearance.
Daisies are hardy plants that thrive in lawns, meadows, and disturbed soils, often spreading aggressively. They prefer full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil. Chamomile, particularly German chamomile, is an annual plant that grows in sunny, open areas with light soil, while Roman chamomile is a low-growing perennial often used as ground cover. Chamomile is more delicate and less invasive compared to daisies.
One of the key differences is fragrance. Chamomile flowers emit a sweet, apple-like scent when crushed, due to volatile oils like bisabolol and chamazulene. Daisies, however, lack this distinctive aroma and are generally odorless or have a mild, grassy smell. This aromatic quality makes chamomile a popular choice for teas and essential oils.
Daisies are primarily ornamental, valued for their cheerful appearance in gardens and floral arrangements. Some species have minor medicinal uses, but they are not as prominent as chamomile. Chamomile is widely cultivated for its therapeutic properties, including calming effects, anti-inflammatory benefits, and digestive aid. Its flowers are dried for herbal teas, while its essential oils are used in cosmetics and aromatherapy.
Both plants have composite flowers, but their reproductive structures differ. Daisies have a dense cluster of disk florets (yellow center) surrounded by ray florets (white petals). Chamomile’s disk florets are more tubular and hollow, a key identifier for Matricaria species. Daisies reproduce via seeds and rhizomes, while chamomile relies mainly on seeds, with German chamomile being an annual and Roman chamomile a perennial.
Most daisies are non-toxic but may cause mild allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Chamomile is generally safe but can trigger allergies in people sensitive to ragweed or other Asteraceae plants. Its pollen may also cause contact dermatitis in rare cases.
Daisies are low-maintenance and tolerate a range of conditions, making them ideal for beginner gardeners. Chamomile requires more specific care, preferring well-drained, sandy soil and regular watering. German chamomile is often grown as an annual, while Roman chamomile needs occasional pruning to maintain its compact form.
