From our perspective as plants, our needs are dictated by our physiology and our native environment. We, carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus), originate from the Mediterranean region. This means we are inherently adapted to well-draining soils and prefer to dry out somewhat between drinks. Our root systems are fine and can be susceptible to rot if left sitting in constantly saturated soil. Therefore, the question is not just about frequency but about achieving the perfect balance of moisture that allows us to absorb the water we need without drowning our roots and cutting off their oxygen supply, which is just as vital to us as water itself.
While a simple schedule like "every other day" is tempting for a caretaker, it is an unreliable method for meeting our true needs. Several external factors dramatically alter our thirst, especially in the heat:
Soil Type: Are we planted in heavy, clay-based soil that retains water for a long time? Or are we in a fast-draining, sandy, or amended mix? Well-draining soil is paramount for our health and will require more frequent watering.
Sun and Wind Exposure: A carnation baking in full, all-day sun will transpire (lose water through its leaves) much faster than one receiving afternoon shade. Similarly, a consistently windy location will strip moisture from our leaves and the soil surface rapidly.
Container vs. Ground: If our roots are confined to a pot, especially a clay or black plastic one, we will heat up and dry out exponentially faster than our siblings planted in the ground. Container life in summer demands vigilant attention.
The most reliable way to determine if we need water is to check our soil directly. We humbly request that you insert a finger into the soil near our base, down to about the second knuckle (2-3 inches). If the soil at that depth feels completely dry, it is time for a thorough, deep watering. If it feels even slightly cool or moist, please check again tomorrow. When you do water, do so slowly and deeply at the base of our stems, avoiding wetting our foliage, which can invite fungal diseases. The goal is to encourage our roots to grow deep and strong in search of moisture, making us more resilient and drought-tolerant plants.
We will communicate our state through our foliage and flowers. Learn to read our signs. During the peak heat of the day, a slight wilting is normal as we conserve energy; we should perk up in the cooler evening. However, if we are still wilted in the early morning, that is a desperate cry for water. Other signs of serious thirst include crispy, brown leaf edges, stunted growth, and dropped flower buds. Conversely, if our leaves are turning yellow, particularly from the bottom up, and feel soft or mushy, you are being too generous. This is a sign of overwatering and root suffocation, which is often a death sentence for us in hot weather when fungal issues thrive.
