The Foxtail Fern, scientifically known as *Asparagus densiflorus* 'Myersii', is a popular ornamental plant prized for its unique, plume-like foliage. While its common name includes "fern," it is not a true fern but a member of the Asparagaceae family, closely related to the edible asparagus. Understanding its botanical characteristics is key to assessing its risk to pets.
Yes, the Foxtail Fern is considered toxic to both cats and dogs. The plant contains chemical compounds known as sapogenins, which are steroid-like substances. These sapogenins are present throughout the plant, including its bright red berries, stems, and leaves (which are actually modified stems called cladodes). If ingested by a cat or dog, these compounds can irritate the gastrointestinal tract. It is important to note that the berries, which may be attractive to curious pets due to their color and appearance, contain a higher concentration of these irritants.
The primary toxic agents in the Foxtail Fern are the aforementioned sapogenins. When a pet chews on or ingests any part of the plant, these compounds can cause a range of adverse reactions. The most common symptoms are related to gastrointestinal upset, including vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain or discomfort. In some cases, contact with the skin may also lead to allergic dermatitis, resulting in redness, itching, or swelling, particularly around the mouth or on the paws if the animal has brushed against or dug up the plant.
Beyond its chemical toxicity, the physical structure of the Foxtail Fern presents a separate, mechanical danger. The plant's stems are covered with small, sharp, leaf-like structures called cladodes. These can easily hook onto an animal's fur, skin, or mucous membranes. If a curious dog or cat sniffs, licks, or tries to chew the plant, these small, barbed structures can become embedded. This can lead to serious physical injuries, such as sores in the mouth, throat, or digestive tract, and can even cause infection if not promptly and properly removed.
If you witness or suspect that your pet has ingested any part of a Foxtail Fern, it is crucial to act quickly. First, safely remove any remaining plant material from your pet's mouth. Immediately contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center for professional advice. Be prepared to provide the plant's name and describe the amount you believe was consumed. You should not induce vomiting unless specifically instructed to do so by a veterinary professional, as this can sometimes cause additional harm depending on the situation.
