To answer whether you can put your jade plant (Crassula ovata) outside for the summer, we must first understand its fundamental nature. Jade plants are succulent shrubs native to arid, rocky slopes in South Africa. This origin is the key to all its care requirements. They are physiologically adapted to environments with intense, bright light, infrequent but thorough waterings, and excellent soil drainage. Their thick, fleshy leaves and stems are water storage organs, allowing them to withstand periods of drought. This means they crave the bright light summer offers but are highly vulnerable to conditions that do not mimic their native dry, well-ventilated habitat.
For a jade plant, a summer spent outdoors can be a period of exceptional growth and rejuvenation, provided the transition is managed correctly. The primary benefit is the intensity and quality of light. Even a south-facing window indoors filters sunlight. Outside, the plant receives unfiltered, full-spectrum light, which is far more intense. This promotes compact, sturdy growth, prevents the leggy, etiolated appearance common in indoor specimens, and can encourage the beautiful red or orange tingeing of the leaf margins, a sign of a perfectly happy and sun-acclimated plant. Increased air circulation outdoors also helps strengthen stems and significantly reduces the risk of pests like mealybugs and fungal issues stemming from stagnant air.
The single greatest risk when moving your jade plant outside is sunburn. Indoor-grown plants have leaves tenderized by filtered light. Suddenly placing them in direct, all-day summer sun will cause severe photodamage, appearing as bleached, white, or brown scorched patches on the leaves that are permanent. To prevent this, the plant must be gradually acclimated over 7-10 days. Start by placing it in a location with complete shade for 2-3 days to adjust to outdoor temperatures and wind. Then, move it to an area with only morning sun (dappled light is ideal) for another few days. Finally, you can position it in a spot that receives 4-6 hours of direct morning sun, which is less intense than the harsh afternoon rays. A location with bright, indirect light for the rest of the day is often perfect.
Beyond sun, several other outdoor factors require careful management. First is water. While evaporation is faster outside, the core succulent physiology of the jade plant remains. The "soak and dry" method is even more critical. Water only when the top inch of soil is completely dry, and then water thoroughly, ensuring excess water drains away completely. Never let the pot sit in a saucer of water outdoors. Second is temperature. Jade plants thrive in the warmth but can be damaged by extreme, sustained heat above 90°F (32°C) and will not survive a frost. Most importantly, they are extremely sensitive to excessive moisture. A common, swift killer is a surprise summer downpour that waterlogs the soil for days. Always place the plant in a location sheltered from heavy rain and wind, such as under a patio overhang or against a sheltered wall.
The plant's summer vacation must end well before the first frost threat in your US hardiness zone. Nighttime temperatures consistently dropping below 50°F (10°C) are your signal to begin the move. The process is just as crucial as the move outdoors. Carefully inspect the entire plant, including under leaves and near the soil line, for any pests that may have taken up residence. A gentle spray with water or an insecticidal soap is a good preventative measure. Prune any dead or damaged growth. Once indoors, place it in the brightest location possible. The plant may drop some leaves as it adjusts to the lower light levels, which is a normal stress response.
