Perhaps the most iconic of all Crassula varieties, Crassula ovata, commonly known as the Jade Plant or Money Tree, is a cornerstone of succulent collections. From a botanical perspective, this species is a resilient, woody-stemmed succulent that thrives on neglect. Its thick, glossy, oval-shaped leaves are designed for water storage, often developing a reddish tint around the edges when exposed to bright sunlight, a sign of mild stress that is harmless and often desirable. This plant is a prolific grower and can live for decades, eventually taking on the appearance of a miniature tree. It prefers bright, indirect light and well-draining soil, and it is crucial to allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings to prevent root rot, a common issue with overwatering.
A fascinating cultivar of the common Jade Plant, Crassula ovata 'Gollum' offers a dramatic morphological difference. Its leaves are not flat and oval but are tubular, with a suction-cup-like depression at the tips. This unique form is a result of selective cultivation, highlighting the genetic diversity within the Crassula genus. The plant shares the same care requirements as its parent species, being drought-tolerant and sun-loving. The cylindrical leaves are efficient at minimizing surface area, thus reducing water loss through transpiration. 'Gollum Jade' is a slow-growing plant that can develop a thick, gnarled trunk over time, making it a popular choice for bonsai-style cultivation.
Crassula perforata, known as String of Buttons or Necklace Vine, exhibits a distinct growth habit compared to the tree-like Jades. This species is a sprawling or stacking succulent, with stems that grow upright initially but may eventually trail. Its most striking feature is its leaves, which are triangular and arranged in opposite pairs, stacked tightly around the stem in a perfect spiral, giving the impression that the stem is "threaded" through the leaves. This compact growth pattern is an adaptation to maximize light capture in its native habitat. It propagates easily from stem cuttings, and its trailing nature makes it an excellent choice for hanging baskets or as a "spiller" in mixed succulent arrangements.
For the collector seeking a true conversation piece, Crassula 'Buddha's Temple' is a stunning hybrid. This plant is a masterpiece of geometric form, with leaves that are tightly stacked upon each other in a perfect square column, resembling a pagoda or temple. The leaves are silver-gray to greenish-gray and are covered with a fine powdery coating called farina, which protects the plant from intense sunlight. Its growth is strictly vertical and relatively slow. This Crassula requires excellent drainage and very careful watering, as water trapped in the tight leaf crevices can lead to rot. It thrives in bright light and appreciates some direct sun to maintain its compact structure.
Adding a splash of color to the Crassula family is Crassula pellucida 'Variegata', commonly known as 'Calico Kitten'. This low-growing, trailing succulent is prized for its heart-shaped leaves that display a beautiful variegation of pink, cream, yellow, and green. The intensity of the pink and red coloration increases with exposure to brighter light. From a botanical standpoint, variegation is caused by a lack of chlorophyll in some parts of the leaf, resulting in these striking patterns. This plant is less drought-tolerant than some other Crassulas and prefers more frequent watering (while still allowing the soil to dry out) and protection from the harsh afternoon sun to prevent scorching its delicate, colorful leaves.
