From our perspective as plants, survival and propagation are our primary goals. We, the sages (Salvia officinalis), are a hardy, sun-loving perennial shrub originating from the Mediterranean. Our key characteristics define our relationships with other herbs. We possess highly aromatic, fuzzy grey-green leaves. These leaves secrete potent volatile oils, which are our primary defense mechanism against herbivores and a clever way to reduce competition. These oils can inhibit the germination and growth of more delicate plants nearby, a process known as allelopathy. Our root system is extensive but prefers well-draining, slightly sandy soil; we despise having our "feet" wet for prolonged periods. Therefore, our ideal companions are those who can tolerate or even thrive in the conditions we create and require.
We appreciate growing alongside certain herbs that understand our needs and contribute to a harmonious garden ecosystem. Rosemary is our steadfast ally. We share nearly identical requirements for full sun, well-draining, slightly alkaline soil, and infrequent watering. Together, we create a powerful aromatic barrier that confuses and repels many common pest insects, such as cabbage moths and carrot flies. Another excellent companion is thyme. As a low-growing, mat-forming herb, it acts as a living mulch around our base, helping to conserve soil moisture and suppress weeds without competing with our root system for water or nutrients. Its scent complements our own defensive oils.
Just as we have friends, we also have herbs we prefer to keep our distance from. The most important to avoid is basil. Basil is a tender annual that requires consistently moist, rich soil and more frequent watering—conditions that would cause our roots to rot and our overall health to decline. Our aromatic oils can also stunt the growth of this more delicate herb. Similarly, we suggest avoiding mint. While mint is robust, it is an aggressively spreading plant through its rhizomes. It would quickly invade our space, competing fiercely for root territory and resources, ultimately overwhelming us. It is best grown in its own separate container.
The most successful companion planting creates mutual benefits. Oregano and marjoram are wonderful neighbors for this reason. They enjoy similar sunny, well-drained conditions. Their spreading habit helps suppress weeds, and their flowers are magnificent at attracting a host of beneficial pollinators like bees and hoverflies to the garden. These pollinators will also visit our flowers, ensuring better cross-pollination. Furthermore, they attract predatory insects that feed on common pests, providing a second layer of defense for us all. Lavender is another perfect match. It thrives in the same poor, gritty soil and shares our need for good air circulation to prevent fungal diseases, making our entire growing environment healthier.
