While both are members of the vast Asteraceae family, which also includes sunflowers and asters, African Daisies and Gerbera Daisies belong to different genera and have distinct origins. The term "African Daisy" most commonly refers to plants in the genus Osteospermum, native to South Africa. Gerbera Daisies, on the other hand, belong to the genus Gerbera and are also native to South Africa, tropical Asia, and South America. This shared South African heritage is a primary reason for the common name confusion, but their genetic lineage separates them.
The foliage of these two plants provides a clear visual distinction. African Daisies (Osteospermum) typically feature slender, sometimes slightly spoon-shaped, leaves that can be green or variegated. The leaves may have a subtle fragrance when brushed against. The plant itself often has a more trailing or mounding growth habit, making it excellent for containers and garden borders. In contrast, Gerbera Daisies (Gerbera jamesonii is most common) grow from a central crown with large, rounded, or lobed leaves that are somewhat leathery and form a dense, low clump. All growth and flower stems emerge directly from this central base.
Both produce iconic daisy-shaped flowers, but the details differ significantly. Gerbera Daisy blooms are renowned for their perfection, with perfectly symmetrical rows of ray florets (petals) surrounding a distinct, often contrasting central disk. They are famous for their incredibly vibrant and solid colors, including brilliant reds, oranges, pinks, yellows, and whites, and they come in single, double, and crested forms. African Daisy flowers, while also symmetrical, often have a more intricate design. Many modern cultivars feature a striking "spoon" shape where the ends of the petals are rolled. Their central disk may have a metallic blue or purple sheen. The color patterns often include gradients, rings of color, or contrasting hues on the underside of the petals.
For US gardeners, understanding their climatic preferences is crucial. African Daisies (Osteospermum) are tender perennials typically grown as annuals in most of the United States. They thrive in USDA zones 9-11 and are exceptionally heat and drought-tolerant once established. They demand full sun and well-draining soil; too much shade or waterlogged soil will cause them to languish. Gerbera Daisies are also perennial in warm climates (zones 8-11) but are widely grown as annuals or houseplants elsewhere. They prefer consistent moisture (but not soggy soil) and benefit from well-draining soil enriched with organic matter. They enjoy full sun in cooler climates but appreciate afternoon shade in areas with intense summer heat.
The growth habit of each plant dictates its best use in the landscape. The mounding, spreading nature of African Daisies makes them ideal for cascading over walls, filling in rock gardens, or serving as a ground cover in sunny, dry areas. They provide a long season of color but are typically treated as seasonal annuals. Gerbera Daisies are prized as focal points. Their large, bold blooms on tall, individual stems are perfect for the front of a border, in containers, or as a cutting garden staple. As a perennial, a Gerbera clump will return each year in the right climate, though it is often short-lived, lasting 2-3 years even in ideal conditions.
