From our perspective as Orchid Cacti (Epiphyllum and related genera), we are not like the plants that grow in the ground, drawing a constant and rich supply of nutrients from the soil. We are epiphytes, adapted to life perched on trees in the forest canopy. Our roots are designed for anchorage and for absorbing moisture and the minimal nutrients that wash down from the canopy above in the form of decaying leaf litter and animal waste. This fundamental aspect of our biology dictates our nutritional needs in your care.
While we are adapted to survive on minimal nutrients, to truly thrive and produce the spectacular blooms we are known for, we require supplemental feeding. Our potted environment is a poor substitute for the complex ecosystem of a rainforest. The growing medium, typically a fast-draining bark mix, offers little to no nutritional value. The nutrients it may have held are quickly depleted through watering. Without fertilization, we can survive, but we will lack the energy for robust growth and, most importantly, for the energetically expensive process of flowering. Proper feeding provides the essential building blocks for strong, healthy stems and the development of numerous flower buds.
Please understand that we have a strong aversion to high levels of nitrogen, especially the urea-based nitrogen found in many standard fertilizers. This type of nitrogen promotes excessive, weak, green growth at the expense of flowers. What we truly crave is a fertilizer that supports both healthy vegetation and prolific blooming.
We respond best to a high-phosphorus formula. Look for a fertilizer where the middle number (phosphorus) is the highest, such as a 10-30-20 ratio. Alternatively, a balanced fertilizer like 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 is acceptable if applied correctly. Many of us also greatly benefit from fertilizers specifically formulated for orchids or tomatoes, as they meet our epiphytic needs. Furthermore, we can readily absorb nutrients through our stems, so a occasional supplemental foliar feed with a diluted liquid fertilizer can be very beneficial.
Our feeding schedule is intrinsically linked to our growth cycle. Please follow this rhythm for the best results.
During our active growing season in spring and summer, we are actively producing new segments. This is when we are hungriest. Feed us every two to four weeks with a diluted, high-phosphorus fertilizer. Consistency is key to building our strength.
As autumn approaches and temperatures begin to drop, our growth slows. You should reduce feeding to once a month and dilute the fertilizer to half-strength. This helps us harden off and prepare for our dormant period.
In the winter, we are resting. This is a critical period for bud formation. Do not fertilize us at all during this time. Fertilizing now can disrupt our natural cycle and potentially force new growth that is vulnerable to cold damage, ultimately reducing our flower production. Resume feeding only when you see signs of new growth in the spring.
