From a botanical perspective, the term "peony roots" you are seeking almost always refers to dormant, field-grown divisions known as "bare root" plants. These are not living plants in pots (container-grown) but are sections of the underground storage organs—primarily the tuberous roots and crown—harvested from mature plants. These specialized roots store carbohydrates, allowing the plant to survive dormancy and regenerate new shoots, stems, and leaves in the spring. The quality of this root division is paramount. A healthy, viable bare root will have at least 3-5 "eyes" (the reddish, bud-like growth nodes on the crown) and firm, fleshy tuberous roots free from soft spots, mold, or significant damage. This ensures the plant has ample energy reserves for successful establishment.
When evaluating an online nursery, several plant-specific factors indicate a reputable source for quality peony roots. First, inquire about the source of their stock. Nurseries that grow their own peonies or source from reputable domestic growers (rather than mass-importing roots) typically offer healthier, more acclimated plants. Second, examine their catalog for botanical names. Suppliers who list peonies by their correct Latin name (e.g., Paeonia lactiflora 'Sarah Bernhardt') are more knowledgeable and reliable than those using only common names, ensuring you get the exact cultivar you want. Third, assess their shipping timeline. Peonies must be planted in the fall while dormant. A reputable company will ship roots at the correct planting time for your USDA hardiness zone to ensure they break dormancy naturally and establish a strong root system before winter.
For the highest quality peony roots, focus on specialized nurseries. Peony-specific nurseries are dedicated exclusively to the genus Paeonia. They offer the widest selection of cultivars, including herbaceous, tree, and intersectional (Itoh) peonies, and their expertise guarantees the health and authenticity of the roots. Many are small, family-run farms with a deep passion for the plant. Additionally, well-established perennial nurseries that have a dedicated peony section are excellent alternatives. These businesses often source from top growers and provide a curated selection of reliable, popular varieties. They understand the specific handling requirements of bare root perennials.
A critical consideration from a plant health standpoint is the issue of nematodes and other soil-borne pathogens. Reputable US-based online nurseries will often specify that their peony roots are certified and grown in nematode-free fields. This is a crucial phytosanitary measure that protects not only your new plant but also your existing garden soil from contamination. Furthermore, purchasing from dedicated nurseries supports growers who practice sustainable cultivation and preserve heirloom and specialty varieties, contributing to the overall genetic diversity and health of the plant population available to gardeners.
