Crotons (Codiaeum variegatum) are native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia and the western Pacific Islands. In their natural habitat, they thrive in conditions characterized by abundant warmth, high humidity, and dappled sunlight filtered through the canopy of taller trees. This evolutionary background is the key to understanding their summer needs. They are not adapted to survive frost or even consistently cool temperatures, but they are perfectly suited to flourish in the warm, humid days of summer in many climates. Moving them outside can be highly beneficial, as it replicates their preferred environment more closely than most indoor settings can.
The single most important factor to consider is temperature. Crotons are extremely sensitive to cold and will suffer damage quickly. You should only consider moving your croton outdoors when nighttime temperatures are consistently above 60°F (15°C), with daytime temperatures ideally between 70°F and 80°F (21°C - 27°C). Any exposure to temperatures below 50°F (10°C) can cause chilling injury, leading to leaf drop, blackening foliage, and a weakened plant. A sudden cold snap or an unexpectedly cool summer night can be detrimental, so be prepared to bring the plant back indoors if such conditions are forecast.
Avoid the common mistake of moving your croton directly from your living room to a sunny patio. This sudden change in light intensity, temperature, and wind will shock the plant, a condition known as sunscald. This manifests as bleached, white, or brown scorched patches on the leaves. The process of acclimation, or "hardening off," is crucial. Over 7-10 days, gradually introduce your croton to the outdoors. Start by placing it in a location with full shade for a few hours a day. Slowly increase its time outside and gradually introduce it to brighter, dappled light. This slow process allows the plant to build up a tolerance to the stronger UV rays and prevents severe leaf damage.
While crotons can handle and even crave bright light, the intensity of the direct midday summer sun is often too strong, especially in hotter climates. The ideal outdoor location provides bright, but indirect light. A spot that receives gentle morning sun and is shaded during the harshest afternoon hours is perfect. A patio with a filtered light canopy or under the dappled shade of a tree are excellent choices. Observe the leaves; vibrant, multi-colored foliage indicates perfect light levels, while faded, washed-out colors or crispy brown edges often signal too much direct sun.
Summer air outdoors typically provides the higher humidity levels that crotons adore, which is a significant benefit over dry indoor air. However, being in pots and exposed to warmer temperatures and breezes means they will also use water much more rapidly. Your watering frequency will need to increase significantly outdoors. Check the soil moisture daily. Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, ensuring excess water can drain freely from the pot. Consistent moisture is key, but never let the plant sit in waterlogged soil, as this will lead to root rot.
The outdoor environment also exposes your croton to a different set of pests. Be vigilant and regularly inspect the undersides of leaves for common invaders like spider mites, mealybugs, scale, and aphids. The increased airflow outdoors often helps deter some pests like mites that thrive in dry, stagnant conditions, but others may be attracted to the lush foliage. Catching an infestation early makes treatment much easier. A strong spray of water or the application of insecticidal soap or neem oil are effective and plant-friendly solutions.
