Adenium obesum, commonly known as the desert rose, is a succulent plant native to arid regions of Africa and the Middle East. Its thick, swollen caudex stores water, allowing it to survive prolonged dry periods. Overwatering is a greater threat than underwatering, as it can lead to root rot. The plant's water requirements vary significantly depending on climate, season, and growth stage.
In regions like Arizona or Nevada, where temperatures are high and humidity is low, Adenium obesum thrives but requires careful watering. During the active growing season (spring and summer), water deeply once every 7–10 days, ensuring the soil dries completely between waterings. Reduce frequency to once every 2–3 weeks in fall and winter when the plant is dormant. Always check soil moisture before watering.
In humid areas, the soil retains moisture longer, increasing the risk of overwatering. During the growing season, water every 10–14 days, allowing the top 2 inches of soil to dry out. In winter, reduce watering to once a month or less, as cooler temperatures and high humidity slow evaporation. Ensure excellent drainage to prevent waterlogged roots.
In milder climates with seasonal rainfall, Adenium obesum may need supplemental watering only during dry spells. Water every 10–14 days in summer, adjusting for rainfall. In cooler months, water sparingly—once every 3–4 weeks—and protect the plant from excessive rain by placing it under cover or indoors.
In colder zones, Adenium obesum must be brought indoors during winter to avoid frost. Water minimally during dormancy (once a month or less), as the plant's metabolism slows. In summer, water every 7–10 days outdoors, but ensure the soil dries thoroughly between sessions. Avoid watering if temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
Adenium obesum's water needs change with its growth cycle. During active growth (spring and summer), increase watering to support flowering and foliage. Reduce watering in fall as growth slows, and nearly stop in winter. Young plants or newly repotted Adenium may need slightly more frequent watering until established.
Overwatering causes yellowing leaves, soft caudex, and root rot. If detected, stop watering and repot in dry, well-draining soil. Underwatering leads to shriveled leaves and a wrinkled caudex. In this case, water deeply but gradually to rehydrate the plant without shocking it.
Use a fast-draining mix (e.g., cactus soil with perlite or pumice) to prevent water retention. Terra cotta pots are ideal as they allow evaporation. Ensure containers have drainage holes to avoid standing water, which is detrimental to Adenium obesum's health.
