Aloe vera, a hardy succulent, is susceptible to various pests that can damage its leaves, roots, and overall health. These pests disrupt the plant's ability to photosynthesize, absorb nutrients, and grow. Identifying and treating infestations early is crucial to maintaining a healthy aloe plant.
Mealybugs are small, white, cottony insects that cluster on aloe leaves and stems. They feed on sap, weakening the plant and causing yellowing or wilting. Their sticky honeydew secretion can also lead to sooty mold growth.
Aphids are tiny, soft-bodied insects (green, black, or brown) that suck sap from aloe leaves, causing curling or distortion. Like mealybugs, they excrete honeydew, attracting ants and fostering mold.
Spider mites are microscopic pests that create fine webbing on aloe leaves. They pierce plant cells, leading to speckled yellow or brown spots. Severe infestations can cause leaf drop and stunted growth.
Scale insects appear as small, hard bumps on aloe leaves or stems. They feed on plant juices, causing yellowing and leaf drop. Heavy infestations can kill the plant if untreated.
Fungus gnats are small flies whose larvae feed on aloe roots in moist soil. This stunts growth and makes the plant vulnerable to root rot.
For light infestations, wipe pests off with a damp cloth or cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. This works well for mealybugs and scale insects.
Spray a solution of insecticidal soap or neem oil on affected areas to suffocate pests like aphids and spider mites. Repeat weekly until the infestation is gone.
Introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs or lacewings to control aphids and mealybugs. Predatory mites can also help manage spider mite populations.
For fungus gnat larvae, use a hydrogen peroxide solution (1:4 ratio with water) to drench the soil. This kills larvae without harming the plant.
Isolate infested aloe plants to prevent pests from spreading. Prune severely damaged leaves to encourage new growth and reduce pest habitats.
To avoid pest problems, ensure proper care: use well-draining soil, avoid overwatering, and provide adequate sunlight. Regularly inspect plants for early signs of pests.
