Orchid cacti (Epiphyllum spp.), like many other plants, enter a dormancy period during winter. This is a natural survival mechanism triggered by shorter daylight hours and cooler temperatures. From the plant's perspective, dormancy is a time to conserve energy, slow metabolic processes, and prepare for the next active growth season. During this phase, the cactus reduces water uptake, halts new growth, and focuses on maintaining essential functions.
During dormancy, the orchid cactus will exhibit noticeable changes. Its stems may appear slightly shriveled or less plump due to reduced water retention—this is normal and not a sign of distress. The plant stops producing new leaves or flowers, and existing growth may darken slightly. From the plant's viewpoint, this is an efficient way to redirect resources to root health and internal energy stores, ensuring survival until spring.
From the orchid cactus's perspective, overwatering in winter can be detrimental. The plant's roots absorb moisture much slower in cool conditions, so excess water risks root rot. Reduce watering frequency significantly, allowing the soil to dry out almost completely between waterings. The cactus "prefers" this dry period, as it mimics its natural habitat's seasonal drought, reinforcing dormancy.
While the orchid cactus appreciates bright light year-round, winter dormancy means it can tolerate slightly lower light levels. However, it still requires indirect sunlight to sustain basic functions. Temperature-wise, the plant thrives in cooler conditions (50–60°F or 10–15°C) but must be protected from frost. From its perspective, these cooler temperatures signal that it's time to rest, much like its native tropical highland environments.
Fertilization should cease entirely in winter. The orchid cactus does not expend energy on growth during this time, so additional nutrients are unnecessary and could even harm the plant by causing salt buildup in the soil. The plant's "strategy" is to rely on stored reserves until active growth resumes in spring.
From the plant's viewpoint, stress during dormancy often stems from human intervention—such as overwatering, sudden temperature drops, or artificial light disrupting its natural cycle. Pests like spider mites may also take advantage of the cactus's slowed defenses. The plant's best chance of thriving is to be left undisturbed, with minimal interference beyond basic care.
As daylight increases and temperatures rise, the orchid cactus will naturally exit dormancy. From its perspective, this is a gradual process—water uptake and metabolic activity slowly increase. Begin lightly watering and reintroducing fertilizer only when new growth appears, signaling the plant's readiness to resume active life.
