Dendrobium orchids are epiphytic or lithophytic plants, meaning they naturally grow on trees or rocks rather than in soil. Their growth cycle includes active growth phases (spring/summer) and dormancy (fall/winter). Pruning must align with these cycles to avoid stressing the plant. During active growth, the orchid produces new pseudobulbs (thickened stems that store water and nutrients), which later develop leaves and flowers. Pruning during dormancy can disrupt energy reserves stored in pseudobulbs, weakening the plant.
Do prune after flowering: Dendrobiums bloom on mature pseudobulbs. Once flowers fade, trim the flower spike near its base using sterilized tools to prevent disease. This redirects energy to new growth rather than seed production.
Do remove dead or diseased material: Yellowing or shriveled pseudobulbs, leaves, or roots should be cut away to prevent fungal/bacterial spread. Sterilize scissors/shears with rubbing alcohol between cuts.
Do preserve healthy pseudobulbs: Even leafless, green pseudobulbs store nutrients and may produce keikis (baby orchids). Only remove them if brown, mushy, or completely dry.
Don’t prune during dormancy: Avoid cutting pseudobulbs in fall/winter when the orchid rests. This can deplete stored energy needed for spring regrowth.
Don’t over-prune healthy tissue: Removing too many pseudobulbs reduces the plant’s ability to photosynthesize and store water. Never cut more than ⅓ of live growth at once.
Don’t ignore tool hygiene: Dirty tools introduce pathogens. Always clean blades before/after use, especially when moving between plants.
Dendrobium canes (pseudobulbs) may produce keikis at nodes. Do not remove keikis prematurely: Wait until they develop 2–3 roots (3+ inches long) before detaching. Cut the keiki’s stem 1–2 cm from the parent cane. Overhandling can damage both plants.
When repotting (every 2–3 years), trim dead roots (brown/black, hollow) but avoid cutting firm, white/green roots. Dendrobiums rely on aerial roots for moisture and nutrient absorption. Damaging healthy roots slows recovery.
After pruning, reduce watering slightly to prevent rot in cut areas. Maintain bright, indirect light and high humidity (50–70%) to support healing. Avoid fertilizing for 2–3 weeks to let the plant focus on wound closure.
Cutting green pseudobulbs: This forces the orchid to expend energy regenerating rather than flowering. Pruning during active growth: May trigger stress-induced dormancy. Leaving stubs: Stubs rot and attract pests. Always cut flush to the main stem or base.
