Rubber fig (Ficus elastica) is a popular houseplant known for its glossy, broad leaves. However, leaf curling can occur due to environmental stress, pests, or improper care. Understanding the causes and solutions from the plant's perspective helps maintain its health.
Rubber figs are sensitive to water imbalances. Underwatering causes leaves to curl inward to conserve moisture, while overwatering leads to root rot, reducing water uptake and triggering curling as a distress signal.
Insufficient light forces the plant to curl leaves to maximize surface area for photosynthesis. Conversely, excessive direct sunlight causes leaves to curl and crisp at the edges to minimize water loss through transpiration.
Rubber figs thrive in stable environments (15–29°C). Cold drafts or dry air from heaters cause leaves to curl as a protective response. Low humidity (<40%) exacerbates moisture loss, prompting curling.
Pests like spider mites or aphids suck sap from leaves, causing cellular damage and curling. The plant may also curl leaves to deter further feeding or shield healthy tissue.
Lack of essential nutrients (e.g., nitrogen, potassium) disrupts leaf development. Curling may occur as the plant reallocates resources to newer growth.
Water when the top 2–3 cm of soil is dry. Ensure proper drainage to avoid waterlogging. Use room-temperature water to prevent root shock.
Place the plant in bright, indirect light. Rotate it regularly for even exposure. Shield it from harsh midday sun with sheer curtains.
Keep the plant away from vents or windows with drafts. Use a humidifier or pebble tray to maintain humidity above 50%.
Inspect leaves regularly. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Isolate affected plants to prevent spread.
Apply a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer monthly during the growing season (spring–summer). Avoid over-fertilization, which can cause salt buildup and leaf burn.
Prune damaged leaves to redirect energy to new growth. Repot every 2–3 years to refresh soil and prevent root binding. Monitor the plant’s response to adjustments, as recovery may take weeks.
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