Nerine bulbs, native to South Africa, are adapted to a Mediterranean climate with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters. In their natural habitat, they enter dormancy during the dry season (summer) and resume growth when cooler, wetter conditions arrive. In the northern U.S., where winters are harsh, Nerine bulbs require special preparation to mimic their native dormancy cycle while protecting them from freezing temperatures.
As daylight shortens and temperatures drop in late autumn (October to November), Nerine bulbs naturally begin to senesce. Leaves yellow and wither, signaling the plant's readiness for dormancy. This is the ideal time to start winter preparations. Avoid cutting green foliage prematurely, as the bulbs rely on photosynthesis to store energy for the next growing season.
In USDA Hardiness Zones 6 and below, Nerine bulbs are not frost-hardy and must be dug up before the first hard freeze. Use a garden fork to gently lift the bulbs, taking care not to damage the basal plate (root base). Shake off excess soil but avoid washing the bulbs, as moisture can encourage rot during storage.
After digging, place the bulbs in a dry, well-ventilated area (e.g., a garage or shed) for 1–2 weeks to cure. This allows the outer scales to dry and toughen, reducing rot risk. Remove remaining soil and trim dead foliage to about 2–3 cm above the bulb neck. Discard any bulbs showing signs of mold or soft spots.
Store cured bulbs in breathable containers, such as mesh bags or cardboard boxes filled with dry peat moss, vermiculite, or wood shavings. Ideal storage temperatures range between 50–60°F (10–15°C), mimicking their native dormancy environment. Avoid plastic bags or airtight containers, which trap humidity and promote fungal growth. Check bulbs monthly for shriveling (add slight moisture) or rot (remove affected bulbs).
In borderline zones (e.g., Zone 7 with reliable snow cover), Nerine bulbs may survive in-ground with heavy mulch. After foliage dies back, cover the planting site with 6–8 inches of straw, shredded leaves, or pine boughs. This insulates the soil and buffers temperature fluctuations. Remove mulch gradually in early spring to prevent delayed growth.
In late winter (February–March), Nerine bulbs naturally exit dormancy. For stored bulbs, look for small root buds or new shoot tips. At this stage, pot them in well-draining soil and place in a cool (55°F/13°C), bright location to encourage root development before transplanting outdoors after the last frost.
Once soil temperatures reach 50°F (10°C) and frost risk has passed, replant bulbs 3–4 inches deep in sandy, well-drained soil with full sun exposure. Water sparingly until active growth resumes, as Nerine bulbs are prone to rot in cold, wet soil. In colder regions, consider container planting for easier winter management.
