Calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) are elegant flowering plants that thrive indoors when their natural habitat conditions are replicated. Native to South Africa, they prefer warm temperatures, bright indirect light, and consistent moisture. To care for them indoors, it's essential to mimic their preferred environment, ensuring proper light, water, humidity, and soil conditions.
Calla lilies need bright, indirect light to flourish indoors. Place them near a south- or west-facing window where they receive at least 6 hours of filtered sunlight daily. Avoid direct midday sun, which can scorch their leaves. If natural light is insufficient, supplement with grow lights positioned 12–18 inches above the plant for 12–14 hours a day.
Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry, ensuring excess water drains freely to prevent root rot. During active growth (spring and summer), water more frequently, reducing in fall and winter when the plant enters dormancy. Use room-temperature water to avoid shocking the roots.
Calla lilies prefer humidity levels of 50–60%. Increase humidity by placing the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water, misting the leaves occasionally, or using a humidifier. Maintain temperatures between 65–75°F (18–24°C) during the day and no lower than 55°F (13°C) at night. Avoid drafts and sudden temperature fluctuations.
Plant calla lilies in well-draining, peat-based potting mix with perlite or sand to improve aeration. Fertilize every 2–4 weeks during the growing season with a balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10), diluted to half strength. Stop fertilizing in fall and winter when growth slows.
Choose a pot with drainage holes, 1–2 inches larger than the rhizome. Repot every 1–2 years in early spring before new growth begins. Gently remove the plant, trim dead roots, and replant in fresh soil. Ensure the rhizome is planted 1–2 inches deep with the growing tip facing upward.
After flowering, calla lilies enter a dormant phase. Reduce watering gradually and stop fertilizing. Trim yellowing leaves and store the pot in a cool (50–60°F), dark place for 2–3 months. Resume watering and move to bright light when new growth appears.
Watch for common pests like aphids, spider mites, and mealybugs. Treat infestations with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Prevent fungal diseases (e.g., root rot) by avoiding overwatering and ensuring good air circulation. Remove affected leaves promptly to prevent spread.
To promote flowering, provide adequate light, consistent moisture, and proper fertilization. Blooms typically appear in late spring to summer. If the plant fails to flower, check for insufficient light, incorrect watering, or lack of dormancy period.
Remove spent flowers and yellowing leaves to redirect energy to new growth. Use clean, sharp scissors to avoid introducing pathogens. Regularly wipe leaves with a damp cloth to prevent dust buildup, which can hinder photosynthesis.
