Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa) is a perennial flowering plant prized for its fragrant blooms. To thrive, it requires a balanced supply of essential nutrients, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), as well as secondary and micronutrients like calcium, magnesium, and iron. The plant's growth stages—vegetative, flowering, and bulb development—dictate its fertilizer requirements.
Nitrogen (N): Supports leafy growth during the vegetative stage. Excessive nitrogen can delay flowering, so moderation is key. Phosphorus (P): Crucial for root development and flower formation. A phosphorus-rich fertilizer promotes robust blooms. Potassium (K): Enhances overall plant health, disease resistance, and bulb development. It also improves flower quality and longevity. Secondary Nutrients: Calcium strengthens cell walls, while magnesium aids chlorophyll production. Micronutrients: Iron, zinc, and manganese are vital for enzymatic processes and overall plant vigor.
Balanced NPK Fertilizers (10-10-10 or 20-20-20): Suitable for general growth, especially during the early vegetative phase. High-Phosphorus Fertilizers (5-10-5 or 10-30-20): Ideal for promoting flowering and root development. Apply during bud formation. Organic Fertilizers: Compost, well-rotted manure, or bone meal provide slow-release nutrients and improve soil structure. Fish emulsion is rich in nitrogen for leafy growth. Slow-Release Granules: These ensure a steady nutrient supply over time, reducing the risk of over-fertilization.
Pre-Planting: Incorporate compost or well-rotted manure into the soil to enrich it before planting tuberose bulbs. Vegetative Stage: Apply a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) every 4–6 weeks to support foliage growth. Flowering Stage: Switch to a high-phosphorus fertilizer (5-10-5) to encourage blooming. Apply every 3–4 weeks until flowers appear. Post-Flowering: Use a potassium-rich fertilizer to strengthen bulbs for the next growing season.
Top-Dressing: Sprinkle granular fertilizer around the base of the plant, avoiding direct contact with stems or leaves. Water thoroughly after application. Liquid Fertilizers: Dilute water-soluble fertilizers and apply during watering for quick nutrient absorption. Foliar Feeding: Spray diluted liquid fertilizers on leaves for rapid nutrient uptake, especially to address micronutrient deficiencies.
Excessive fertilizer can harm tuberose, leading to salt buildup, root burn, or reduced flowering. Always follow label instructions and conduct a soil test to determine nutrient deficiencies. Signs of over-fertilization include yellowing leaves, stunted growth, or leaf tip burn.
Tuberose prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0–7.0). If the soil is too alkaline, nutrients like iron become less available, causing chlorosis. Amend soil with sulfur to lower pH or lime to raise it, ensuring optimal nutrient uptake.
